biz quiz 3

95.	According to a study by global brands agency Millward Brown released in May 2011, which company overtook Google as the world's most valuable brand?New!
	Apple It is now worth $153 billion.
94.	What type of 'helpful' businesses operate on the basis of the Rochdale Principles that were formulated in 1844? New!
	Co-operatives The implications of the Rochdale Principles are a focus of study in co-operative economics.
93.	What product that makes unpacking fun was invented by sealing two shower curtains together by two engineers who intended it as wallpaper?
	Bubble Wrap When the product turned out to be unsuccessful as wallpaper, it was marketed as greenhouse insulation. Although Bubble Wrap was branded by Sealed Air Corporation in 1960, it was not until a few years later that its use in protective packaging was discovered.
92.	Which company added a soundless digital clock to its new model in 1980 to do something about 'the clock' in its legendary selling line "At 60 miles an hour the loudest noise in this new X comes from the electric clock"?
	Rolls-Royce David Ogilvy, regarded as the 'father of advertising' coined the line in 1958. The company added a soundless digital clock to its Silver Spirit model in 1980.
91.	The discovery of Metallica's song "I Disappear" on a file sharing network in 2000 started a chain of events that led to the demise of the original incarnation of what company?
	Napster This was the discovery that helped bring the illegal sharing of mp3 files to the spotlight.
90.	Arthur's Day refers to events first organised in 2009 to celebrate the 250th anniversary of what brewing company, the name Arthur being the first name of the founder?
	Guinness
89.	What product invented by Frederick Walton in 1864 became so widely used and 'stepped on' that the name became generic just 14 years after its invention?
	Linoleum Linoleum is considered the first product to become a generic term.
88.	In 2010, which company reportedly bought the domain name of the American Farm Bureau Federation for $8.5 million?
	Facebook (the domain name was fb.com)
87.	What are 'Gold Panda' in China, 'Maple Leaf' in Canada, 'Philharmoniker' in Austria, 'Tower of David' in Israel, 'George the Victorious' in Russia and 'Sovereign' in UK?
	Gold bullion coins A bullion coin is a coin struck from precious metal and kept as a store of value or an investment, rather than used in day-to-day commerce. Bullion coins are usually available in gold and silver, with the exception of the Krugerrand and the Swiss Vreneli which are only available in gold. The American Eagle series is available in gold, silver and platinum, and the Canadian Maple Leaf series is available in gold, silver, platinum and also palladium.
86.	As of January 2010, Amazon.com is America's largest online retailer. Which company that deals with office supplies is the runner-up?
	Staples Inc.
85.	Which 20th century British economist and Nobel laureate is best known for his articles 'The Nature of the Firm', that introduces the concept of transaction costs to explain the nature and limits of firms, and 'The Problem of Social Cost', which suggests that well-defined property rights could overcome the problems of externalities?
	Ronald Coase Coase coined the well known, but often misquoted adage "If you torture the data long enough, it will confess."
84.	The name of which Nabisco shortbread biscuit/cookie is also a 1893 English romance novel by R.D. Blackmore?
	Lorna Doone
83.	Which American tycoon and publisher of a magazine was known for his lavish life-style that included a collection of special shape hot air balloons?
	Malcolm Forbes
82.	What is the name of the oil rig that sank and caused the largest offshore oil spill in US history and gave BP a bad rep in 2010?
	Deepwater Horizon
81.	Which dot-com company that had its heyday in the 90s is credited with the development of the Secure Sockets Layer Protocol for secure online communication as well as with JavaScript?
	Netscape Netscape's web browser was once dominant in terms of usage share, but lost most of that share to Internet Explorer during the first browser war. By the end of 2006, the usage share of Netscape browsers had fallen, from over 90% in the mid 1990s, to less than 1%. The name Netscape was a trademark of Cisco Systems, that was granted to the company.
80.	Which controversial company that offers private security services is now known as 'Xe Services' and was founded in 1997 by Erik Prince and Al Clark?
	Blackwater Xe provided security services in Iraq to the United States federal government, particularly the Central Intelligence Agency on a contractual basis. They no longer have a license to operate in Iraq: the new Iraqi government made multiple attempts to expel them from their country, and denied their application for an operating license in January 2009.
79.	Which company/product connected with transportation is associated with the immensely successful 'Think Small' ad campaign?
	Volkswagen According to CNN: These 1960s ads by Doyle Dane Bernbach had the challenge of selling a compact, strange-looking automobile to Americans obsessed with muscle cars, which reflected the country's new superpower status.
78.	Named for a Greek muse and currently given by the Nielsen Company, what are the awards given to reward creative excellence in advertising and design?
	The Clio Awards They are awarded in a number of fields, including: TV, Print, Outdoor, Radio, Integrated Campaign, Innovative Media, Design, Internet, Content & Contact, and Student work.
77.	If you have to name one person associated with the Bangladeshi micro-financing institution 'Grameen Bank', who would it be?
	The Nobel Peace Prize winner Muhammed Yunus The word "Grameen" is derived from the word "gram" and means "rural" or "village" in Bangla language. The system of this bank is based on the idea that the poor have skills that are under-utilized.
76.	Which 20th century industrialist known as the father of modern American shipbuilding is also known for organizing a 'permanente' health care system for his workers and their families?
	Henry J. Kaiser (1882-1967) Among the projects he constructed or helped construct: the Los Angeles Aqueduct; the Oakland-San Francisco Bay Bridge; and the Hoover, Parker, Shasta and Grand Coulee dams. The inexpensive, quick-to-produce "Liberty Ships" built at his shipyards helped win World War II. But perhaps his greatest feat was providing his workers with health care coverage. Kaiser saw his prepaid health coverage plan as a way to temper labor unrest and leave the government out of the process, while bettering humanity.
75.	The town of Bretton Woods in the US was the site of the UN Monetary and Financial Conference in 1944 that led to the establishment of which two seminal world institutions in the subsequent year?
	The World Bank and the International Monetary Fund As a result of the conference, the Bretton Woods system of exchange rate management was set up, which remained in place until the early 1970s.
74.	Once one of the world's largest non-state oil companies, which Russian petroleum giant was declared bankrupt in 2006?
	Yukos
73.	Red Barn, now a historic site in the US, was the original manufacturing site of which company?
	Boeing Built in 1909, it is the oldest airplane-manufacturing facility in the nation and is now part of the Museum of Flight in Seattle.
72.	The name of which company was initially proposed as 'Pequod' but the idea was retracted when someone said "No one's going to drink a cup of Pee-quod!"?
	Starbucks The company is named in part after Starbuck, Captain Ahab's first mate in the novel Moby-Dick, as well as a turn-of-the-century mining camp (Starbo or Storbo) on Mount Rainier. Pequod is the main ship in the novel.
71.	The 19th century American businessman Aaron Montgomery Ward is credited with the invention of what type of business that would have made the postal service happy?
	Mail order business Although his idea was generally considered to border on lunacy and his first inventory was destroyed by the Great Chicago Fire, Ward persevered. In August 1872, with two fellow employees and a total capital of $1,600, he formed Montgomery Ward & Company. He rented a small shipping room on North Clark Street and published the world's first general merchandise mail-order catalog with 163 products listed. Ward's catalog soon was copied by other enterprising merchants, most notably Richard Warren Sears, who mailed his first general catalog in 1896.
70.	Which 400-year-old German dynasty from Essen is known for the industrial production of steel and armaments and has been known as the 'Arsenal of the Reich'?
	The Krupp family
69.	The 0 scale (or 0 gauge) is a scale commonly used for what type of hobby also associated with the company Lionel?
	Toy trains (model railroading) Lionel, LLC is a designer and importer of toy trains and model railroads, based in Chesterfield Township, Michigan. Its roots lie in the 1969 purchase of the Lionel product line by cereal conglomerate General Mills. According to its reorganization papers filed as part of its bankruptcy plan on May 21, 2007, about 95 percent of the company's sales come from O gauge trains. The plan estimated that about $70 million worth of O gauge trains are sold each year, and that Lionel accounts for about 60% of that market, making it the largest manufacturer of O gauge trains.
68.	Which economic theory that was the dominant school of thought throughout the early modern period holds that the prosperity of a nation is dependent upon its supply of capital and that the global volume of international trade is unchangeable?
	Mercantilism Economic assets or capital, are represented by bullion (gold, silver, and trade value) held by the state, which is best increased through a positive balance of trade with other nations (exports minus imports) and assumes wealth and monetary assets are identical. Mercantilism suggests that the ruling government should advance these goals by playing a protectionist role in the economy; by encouraging exports and discouraging imports, notably through the use of tariffs and subsidies.
67.	Which influential author of Economics: An Introductory Analysis, the largest-selling economics textbook of all time is also the first American to win the Nobel Prize for Economics?
	Paul Samuelson Economic historian Randall E. Parker calls him the "Father of Modern Economics", and The New York Times considered him to be the "foremost academic economist of the 20th century."
66.	The name of which automaker derives from the Latin for 'i roll'?
	Volvo
65.	In the world of business, what phrase describes the process of a product becoming non-functional after a certain period or amount of use in a way that is designed by the manufacturer?
	Planned obsolescence Planned obsolescence has potential benefits for a producer because the product fails and the consumer is under pressure to purchase again, whether from the same manufacturer (a replacement part or a newer model), or from a competitor which might also rely on planned obsolescence. Planned obsolescence was first developed in the 1920s and 1930s when mass production had opened every minute aspect of the production process to exacting analysis.
64.	From the Arabic for 'to make known', what is the correct term for a duty imposed on foreign goods?
	Tariff
63.	In the US, Keogh Plans are full-fledged pension plans for small businesses and what other type of people?
	The self-employed Named for U.S. Representative Eugene James Keogh of New York, they are sometimes called HR10 plans. IRS Publication 560 refers to them as “Qualified Plans,” although Keogh Plan is understood by all. They are different from Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs).
62.	In 1984, while filming a commercial for which company did Michael Jackson suffer second degree burns after pyrotechnics set his hair on fire?
	Pepsi Cola Happening in front of a full house of fans during a simulated concert, the incident was the subject of heavy media scrutiny and elicited an outpouring of sympathy. PepsiCo settled a lawsuit out of court, and Jackson gave his $1.5 million settlement to the Brotman Medical Center in Culver City, California, where he had been treated, allowing the hospital to acquire the best available technology for treating severe burns; Brotman subsequently renamed its burn ward "Michael Jackson Burn Center" in his honor.
61.	After a Korean Air Lines flight was shot down after straying into the USSR's prohibited airspace in 1983, President Reagan issued a directive making what technology available for civilian use?
	GPS (Global Positioning System) Developed by the United States Department of Defense, it uses a constellation of between 24 and 32 Medium Earth Orbit satellites that transmit precise microwave signals, which enable GPS receivers to determine their current location, the time, and their velocity. Its official name is NAVSTAR GPS.
60.	George Bailey, the character portrayed by James Stewart in It's a Wonderful Life is loosely based upon which banker who was the founder of Bank of America?
	Amadeo Giannini (1870-1949) Giannini is credited as the inventor of many modern banking practices. Most notably, Giannini was one of the first bankers to offer banking services to middle-class Americans, rather than simply the upper class.
59.	The name of what popular ice cream was named from two made-up words that were meant to look Scandinavian to American eyes?
	Häagen-Dazs It was established by Reuben and Rose Mattus in The Bronx, New York in 1959. The letter combinations 'äa' and 'zs' are impossible in all Scandinavian languages.
58.	What is the name given to the fraudulent operation that involves paying abnormally high returns to investors out of the money paid in by subsequent investors rather than from revenues generated by any business?
	A Ponzi scheme The system is doomed to collapse because there are little or no underlying earnings from the money received by the promoter. The scheme is named after Charles Ponzi, who became notorious for using the technique after emigrating from Italy to the United States in 1903. Ponzi was not the first to invent such a scheme, but his operation took in so much money that it was the first to become known throughout the United States.
57.	Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) is the most important conversion process used in petroleum refineries. What is it used for?
	To convert crude oils to gasoline and other products The FCC process vaporizes and breaks the long-chain molecules of the high-boiling hydrocarbon liquids into much shorter molecules by contacting the feedstock, at high temperature and moderate pressure, with a fluidized powdered catalyst. In effect, refineries use fluid catalytic cracking to correct the imbalance between the market demand for gasoline and the excess of heavy, high boiling range products resulting from the distillation of crude oil.
56.	Developed at DuPont in 1965, what is "...5 times stronger than steel on an equal weight basis..."?
	Kevlar Kevlar has many applications, ranging from bicycle tires and racing sails to body armor because of its high strength-to-weight ratio.
55.	Appropriately, which company's NYSE symbol is 'BID'?
	The auction house Sotheby's Founded in 1744, it is the world's oldest international auction house in continuous operation.
54.	What is the term given to a retail store in which manufacturers sell their stock directly to the public through their own brand?
	An outlet store (or) factory outlet The invention is often credited to Harold Alfond, founder of the Dexter Shoe Company. Traditionally, a factory outlet was a store, attached to a factory or warehouse. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factory_outlet_store)
53.	Which company whose name means 'light from the gods' is the world's largest producer of guided missiles?
	Raytheon
52.	Which legal term describes a brand name that has become synonymous with a particular class of products and whose examples include Scotch Tape, Frisbee, Xerox and Band-Aid?
	Genericized trademark The term is legally significant in that unless a company works sufficiently to prevent such broad use of its trademark, its intellectual property rights in the trademark may be lost. A trademark typically becomes "genericized" when the products or services with which it is associated have acquired substantial market dominance or mind share.
51.	Which system developed in the early 1940s has since become the primary source of audience measurement information in the television industry around the world?
	Nielsen ratings Since television as a business makes money by selling audiences to advertisers, the Nielsen Television Ratings are the single most important element in determining advertising rates, schedules, and program content. Nielsen Television Ratings are gathered by one of two ways; by extensive use of surveys, where viewers of various demographics are asked to keep a written record (called a diary) of the television programming they watch throughout the day and evening, or by the use of Set Meters, which are small devices connected to every television in selected homes.
50.	In 1984, Gillette reportedly offered members of which rock band $1 million each in an unsuccessful attempt to get them to shave their beards for a television commercial?
	Billy Gibbons and Dusty Hill of ZZ Top Gibbons and Hill are always pictured wearing sunglasses (a nod to their 1979 song "Cheap Sunglasses"), similar if not matching clothing, and their trademark chest-length beards. The other member, Frank Beard sports a mustache, but rarely a beard.
49.	Which soft drink created in 1929 by Charles Grigg was originally named 'Bib-Label Lithiated Lemon-Lime Soda' and was launched two weeks before the Wall Street Crash?
	7 Up
48.	What is the largest single-site employer in the US with more than 66,000 employees, a manifold increase from the 5,500 it employed when it opened in 1971?
	The Walt Disney World Resort Today it employs more than 61,000, spending more than $1.1 billion on payroll and $478 million on benefits each year.
47.	In the late 1990s while attending the Northeastern University in Boston, what did Shawn Fanning create when he wanted an easy method of finding music?
	Napster The popularity and repercussions of the first Napster have made it a legendary icon in the computer and entertainment fields. Napster's brand and logo continue to be used by a pay service, having been acquired by Roxio.
46.	Which brand of Volkswagen was named after a wind that blows from the Sahara?
	Scirocco (after Sirocco) It is a sport compact produced by Volkswagen from 1974 through 1992. The model was highly successful, and helped bolster VW's reputation. It will be revived with a third generation in 2008.
45.	The American businessman Orville Redenbacher is most commonly associated with which popular snack item that bears his name?
	Popcorn His brand of popping corn continues to be among the most popular in the United States. 2005 marked the 40th anniversary of Orville Redenbacher's Gourmet Popping Corn, still the #1 selling brand in America.
44.	The children's literature section of the publisher Penguin Books works under what name?
	Puffin Books Since the 1960s it has been the largest publisher of children's books in the UK and much of the English-speaking world.
43.	Located in Northern Ireland, what is the oldest licensed whiskey distillery in the world?
	Old Bushmills Distillery Despite a lack of historical evidence, it is believed that troops of King Henry II enjoyed the taste of Bushmills some 400 years before the distillery became officially licensed in 1608 by King James I. In 1784 the Bushmills Distillery became an officially registered company. From 1740 to 1910 Irish emigrants to the USA spread the word of Bushmills, and it soon became a huge success at international spirit and whiskey competitions.
42.	The American inventor Douglas Engelbart is best known for inventing which ubiquitous 'clicking' device?
	The computer mouse In 1967, Engelbart applied for, and in 1970 he received a patent for the wooden shell with two metal wheels, describing it in the patent application as an "X-Y position indicator for a display system". Engelbart later revealed that it was nicknamed the "mouse" because the tail came out the end. His group also called the on-screen cursor a "bug," but this term was not widely adopted. He never received any royalties for his mouse invention, partly because his patent expired in 1987, before the personal computer revolution made the mouse an indispensable input device, and also because subsequent mice used different mechanisms that did not infringe upon the original patent. During an interview, he says "SRI patented the mouse, but they really had no idea of its value. Some years later I learned that they had licensed it to Apple for something like $40,000."
41.	Which American financier was known as the 'Junk Bond King' in the 1980s era of Wall Street and also served time for insider trading?
	Michael Milken He was highly influential in developing the market for junk bonds during the 1970s and 1980s, which in turn fueled the 1980s boom in corporate raids and hostile corporate takeovers. He has been called both a financial innovator and the epitome of 1980s Wall Street greed.
40.	Headquartered in Sandy Springs, USA, which company is the world's largest package deliverer handling more than 15 million packages a day in over 200 countries?
	United Parcel Service Inc. commonly referred to as UPS UPS is well known for its brown trucks, internally known as package cars (hence the company nickname "The Big Brown Machine").
39.	What is the title of the landmark television commercial that launched the Apple Macintosh in the US in January 1984?
	1984 The commercial aired on January 22, 1984 during a break in the third quarter of Super Bowl XVIII. The ad showed an unnamed heroine (played by Anya Major) wearing red shorts, red running shoes, and a white tank top with a Picasso-style picture of Apple's Macintosh computer, running through an Orwellian world to throw a sledgehammer at a TV image of Big Brother — an implied representation of IBM — played by David Graham. This was followed by an on-screen message and accompanying voice over by actor Edward Grover: "On January 24th, Apple Computer will introduce Macintosh. And you'll see why 1984 won't be like 1984." At the end, the Apple "rainbow bitten apple" logo is shown on a black background.
38.	Which American businessman founded Electronic Data Systems (EDS) in 1962 and later sold the company to General Motors?
	Ross Perot He is best known for seeking the office of President of the United States in 1992 and 1996. With an estimated net worth of around $4.3 billion as of 2006, he is ranked by Forbes as the 57th-richest person in America.
37.	In Business Week's ranking of top global brands of 2007, which Finnish, Japanese and German companies were the only 3 non-American companies in the top 10?
	Nokia(6), Toyota(7) and Mercedes-Benz(10) Coco-Cola, Microsoft and IBM occupied the first 3 positions.
36.	Which company was responsible for the Bhopal disaster in 1984 that is frequently cited as the world's worst industrial disaster?
	Union Carbide On December 3, 1984, a Union Carbide subsidiary pesticide plant released 40 tonnes of methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas, immediately killing nearly 3,000 people and ultimately causing at least 15,000 to 22,000 total deaths.
35.	The name of which company is supposedly derived from the transcandental god of Zoraastrianism?
	Mazda It is also said that Mazda coincides with the anglicized pronunciation of the founder's name, Jujiro Matsuda, who was interested in spirituality, and chose to rename it in honor of both his family and the Zoroastrians. Mazda means "wisdom" in the Avestan language. However, in Japanese, the company has always been pronounced and spelled as "Matsuda" leading many to believe that Mazda is really just a poorly anglicized version of the founder's name.
34.	In the list of the largest exporters by value in the US, which company 'takes-off' to the top position?
	Boeing In 2006 it took 55% of global commercial aircraft orders for the first time since 2000. Boeing also continues to serve as the prime contractor on the International Space Station and has built several of the major components.
33.	In Cuba, what are known as 'Yank tanks'?
	Classic cars After the Cuban Revolution, the USA imposed an embargo on Cuba, making international trade very difficult. As a result, the cars that were present were nurtured. Due to the presence of many rich US citizens in Cuba under Fulgencio Batista, classic cars were the standard and due to constant good care, many remain in good working order.
32.	Which personal device was released in 1979 with the name of the Soundabout in many countries including the US, Freestyle in Sweden and the Stowaway in the UK but is now best known by the name of its Japanese version?
	The Walkman The device was built in 1978 by audio-division engineer Nobutoshi Kihara for Sony co-chairman Akio Morita, who wanted to be able to listen to operas during his frequent trans-Pacific plane trips. Morita hated the name "Walkman" and asked that it be changed, but relented after being told by junior executives that a promotion campaign had already begun using the brand name and that it would be too expensive to change.
31.	Seems like Amazon.com has been around forever. What is the year in which the site made its first sale in the form of Douglas Hofstadter's book Fluid Concepts & Creative Analogies?
	1995
30.	Dean Kamen, the inventor of which self-balancing transportation device said "walking is a remnant of the Dark Ages, an unpleasant time-waster that technology needs to eradicate"?
	The Segway The Segway resembles the motorized, gyroscopically stabilized unicycles in the science fiction short story by Robert A. Heinlein titled The Roads Must Roll.
29.	Harald X Gromson was the king of Denmark in the 10th century and is regarded as having united Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. How is his name popular in the technological world (X in his name)?
	As Bluetooth Bluetooth is an industrial specification for wireless personal area networks (PANs) that provides a way to connect and exchange information between devices.
28.	Which is the all time bestselling car in the world?
	Toyota Corolla In 1997, the Corolla became the bestselling car in the world, with over 30 million sold as of 2007.
27.	In 2006, USA Today listed which advertising icon as no.1 on their list of 'Imaginary Luminaries: the 101 most influential people who never lived'?
	The Marlboro Man The Marlboro Man was first conceived by Leo Burnett in 1954. The ads were originally conceived as a way to popularize filtered cigarettes, which at the time were considered feminine.
26.	In business hierarchy, what is the marzipan layer?
	The group of managers just below the highest level of directors This phrase refers to the fact that in some cakes, a layer of marzipan lies just below the icing.
25.	By repute, where is the largest gold repository in the world? (Hint: Not Fort Knox!)
	The Federal Reserve Bank of New York in Manhattan This cannot be confirmed as Swiss Banks do not report their gold stocks. The FRBNY's stocks are larger even than Fort Knox, and it holds approx 5,000 tonnes of gold bullion ($90 billion worth at 2007 prices). The gold is owned by many foreign nations, central banks and official international organizations. The Federal Reserve Bank does not own the gold but serves as guardian of the precious metal, which it "protects" at no charge as a gesture of good will to other nations.
24.	The American journalist Ida Tarbell is known for her expose of the corrupt practices of which giant company? John D. Rockefeller probably hated her!
	Standard Oil She was known as one of the leading "muckrakers" of the progressive era, work known in modern times as "investigative journalism." She is best-known for her 1904 book The History of the Standard Oil Company, which was listed as No. 5 in a 1999 list by the New York Times of the top 100 works of 20th-century American journalism.
23.	In the 2009 list of cities with Fortune Global 500 companies, which city topped with 51 companies?
	Tokyo Followed by Paris with 27, and Beijing with 26.
22.	Which New York businessman is widely reputed to have been behind baseball's Black Sox Scandal in which the 1919 World Series was fixed?
	Arnold Rothstein His notoriety inspired several fictional characters based on his life, including Meyer Wolfsheim in F. Scott Fitzgerald's novel The Great Gatsby.
21.	Which renowned company based out of California made significant contributions to modern-day computing by inventing laser printing, Ethernet, and the graphical user interface (GUI) paradigm, among other things?
	PARC (Palo Alto Research Center, Inc.), formerly Xerox PARC It was founded in 1970, and incorporated as a separate company (wholly owned by Xerox) in 2002. Xerox has been heavily criticized (particularly by business historians) for failing to properly commercialize and profitably exploit PARC's innovations. The work at PARC in the years since the early 1980s is often overlooked, but major work since then includes ubiquitous computing, aspect-oriented programming, and IPv6.
20.	In the 1970s, 'The Chicago Boys' were a group of 25 economists working under which South American dictator's administration to create a free market economy?
	Augusto Pinochet They were trained at the University of Chicago under Milton Friedman and Arnold Harberger, that's why the name.
19.	In 1914, which company offered the first charge card for consumers, which were precursors to the current day credit cards?
	Western Union These early cards were issued to preferred company customers to offer them an array of special services, including interest-free deferred payments.
18.	What is the largest oil corporation in the world with the largest proven crude oil reserves and production?
	Saudi Aramco, the state-owned national oil company of Saudi Arabia Saudi Aramco also operates the world's largest single hydrocarbon network, the Master Gas System. It was known as just Aramco between the years of 1933-1988, an acronym for Arabian American Oil Company. Among those fields fully owned by the company is the Ghawar Field, the world's largest oil field.
17.	Which principle states that 'in a hierarchy every employee tends to rise to his level of incompetence'?
	The Peter Principle Formulated by Dr. Laurence J. Peter in his 1968 book of the same name, the Peter Principle pertains to the level of competence of the human resources in a hierarchical organization. The principle explains the upward, downward, and lateral movement of personnel within a hierarchically organized system of ranks.
16.	Marshall McLuhan was named as the 'patron saint' of which magazine that had his quote on its masthead for the first ten years of its publication?
	Wired 'Wired' has both been admired and disliked for its strong libertarian principles, its enthusiastic embrace of techno-utopianism, and its sometimes experimental layout with its bold use of fluorescent and metallic inks.
15.	Which iconic personality co-founded the television channel 'Oxygen' in 1998 to carry programming for young women?
	Oprah Winfrey
14.	In economics, what is a 'monopsony' as opposed to monopoly?
	A market form in which only one buyer faces many sellers A single-payer universal health care system, in which the government is the only "buyer" of health care services, is an example of a monopsony.
13.	What 'nuclear' nickname was given to Jack Welch in the 1980s for eliminating employees while leaving the office buildings intact?
	Neutron Jack In reference to the Neutron bomb that kills people but does not destroy buildings.
12.	The design of Nike's Air Jordan basketball shoe was reportedly inspired by which deadly African slithering creature?
	The black mamba
11.	Which fashion designer credited with the turnaround of Gucci also posed with a nude Scarlett Johansson and Keira Knightley on the cover of Vanity fair in 2006?
	Tom Ford Ford was the guest editor for the February 2006 Hollywood edition of Vanity Fair and the cover was originally planned to showcase Keira Knightley, Scarlett Johansson, and Rachel McAdams. But McAdams was replaced with a clothed Ford after refusing to appear nude.
10.	In a 2006 commerical for Genworth Financial, a little boy more than matches the former pro Taylor Dent in a game of tennis. At the end of the ad, the boys parents stop by to pick him up. Can you guess who they are?
	Agassi and Graf!
9.	The most widely accepted explanation for the origin of which symbol is that it is the result of the evolution of the Spanish and Mexican scribal abbreviation for pesos?
	The $ symbol This theory, derived from a study of late eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century manuscripts, explains that the s gradually came to be written over the p developing a close equivalent to the "$" mark.
8.	Frequent travelers should know this. Which company's name comes from a song called "Space Captain" whose actual lyrics contain the words 'Lovely X' but the founder heard 'Lonely X' and decided to name the company thus?
	Lonely Planet Lonely Planet's first books catered to young people from Australia and Europe (mainly the UK) undertaking the overland hippie trail between Australia and Europe, via South-East Asia, the Indian subcontinent and the Middle East. This was becoming something of a rite of passage for young travellers, especially Australians and New Zealanders, who spent many months (or years) on the journey.
7.	The Micronesian island of Nauru houses an offshore detention centre that holds and processes asylum seekers trying to go where?
	Australia Nauru is a phosphate rock island, and its primary economic activity since 1907 has been the export of phosphate mined from the island. With the exhaustion of phosphate reserves, its environment severely degraded by mining, the government of Nauru has resorted to unusual measures to obtain income and has given this service to Australia since 2001.
6.	In Japan, what term is given to a set of companies with interlocking business relationships and shareholdings, akin to a business group?
	Keiretsu There are two types of keiretsu: vertical and horizontal. Vertical keiretsu illustrates the organization and relationships within a company, while a horizontal keiretsu shows relationships between entities, normally centred around a bank and trading company. There are currently 6 major ones and a host of minor ones.
5.	The success of which shoe brand has resulted from the aerobics fitness craze of the 80s?
	Reebok Reebok surged in popularity in 1982 after the introduction of the Freestyle athletic shoe, which was specifically designed for women and came out when the aerobics fitness craze started. Reebok continues to produce the Freestyle to this day as it is popular with cheerleading, aerobic dancing, the gym, and dedicated consumers.
4.	Which online business was named for a word from Gulliver's Travels that meant 'rude, unsophisticated, uncouth'?
	Yahoo! It was founded by Stanford graduate students Jerry Yang and David Filo in January of 1994 and incorporated on March 2, 1995.
3.	How did Google's famous 'page-rank' algorithm get its name?
	From Larry Page, one of the co-founders of Google It is a link analysis algorithm which assigns a numerical weighting to each element of a hyperlinked set of documents, such as the World Wide Web, with the purpose of measuring its relative importance within the set. The PageRank process has been patented and is not assigned to Google but to Stanford University.
2.	Which cartoon character with wispy hair was licensed to Pepsico in the 1980s and was extensively used to market 7 Up?
	Fido Dido
1.	In the world of advertising, who is 'Bibendum'?
	The Michelin Man The symbol was introduced in 1898 by French artist O'Galop (pseudonym of Marius Rossillon), and is one of the world's oldest trademarks. André Michelin apparently commissioned the creation of this jolly, rotund figure after his brother, Édouard, observed that a display of stacked tyres resembled a human form. Today, Bibendum is one of the world's most recognized trademarks, representing Michelin in over 150 countries

95.	According to a study by global brands agency Millward Brown released in May 2011, which company overtook Google as the world's most valuable brand?New!
	Apple It is now worth $153 billion.
94.	What type of 'helpful' businesses operate on the basis of the Rochdale Principles that were formulated in 1844? New!
	Co-operatives The implications of the Rochdale Principles are a focus of study in co-operative economics.
93.	What product that makes unpacking fun was invented by sealing two shower curtains together by two engineers who intended it as wallpaper?
	Bubble Wrap When the product turned out to be unsuccessful as wallpaper, it was marketed as greenhouse insulation. Although Bubble Wrap was branded by Sealed Air Corporation in 1960, it was not until a few years later that its use in protective packaging was discovered.
92.	Which company added a soundless digital clock to its new model in 1980 to do something about 'the clock' in its legendary selling line "At 60 miles an hour the loudest noise in this new X comes from the electric clock"?
	Rolls-Royce David Ogilvy, regarded as the 'father of advertising' coined the line in 1958. The company added a soundless digital clock to its Silver Spirit model in 1980.
91.	The discovery of Metallica's song "I Disappear" on a file sharing network in 2000 started a chain of events that led to the demise of the original incarnation of what company?
	Napster This was the discovery that helped bring the illegal sharing of mp3 files to the spotlight.
90.	Arthur's Day refers to events first organised in 2009 to celebrate the 250th anniversary of what brewing company, the name Arthur being the first name of the founder?
	Guinness
89.	What product invented by Frederick Walton in 1864 became so widely used and 'stepped on' that the name became generic just 14 years after its invention?
	Linoleum Linoleum is considered the first product to become a generic term.
88.	In 2010, which company reportedly bought the domain name of the American Farm Bureau Federation for $8.5 million?
	Facebook (the domain name was fb.com)
87.	What are 'Gold Panda' in China, 'Maple Leaf' in Canada, 'Philharmoniker' in Austria, 'Tower of David' in Israel, 'George the Victorious' in Russia and 'Sovereign' in UK?
	Gold bullion coins A bullion coin is a coin struck from precious metal and kept as a store of value or an investment, rather than used in day-to-day commerce. Bullion coins are usually available in gold and silver, with the exception of the Krugerrand and the Swiss Vreneli which are only available in gold. The American Eagle series is available in gold, silver and platinum, and the Canadian Maple Leaf series is available in gold, silver, platinum and also palladium.
86.	As of January 2010, Amazon.com is America's largest online retailer. Which company that deals with office supplies is the runner-up?
	Staples Inc.
85.	Which 20th century British economist and Nobel laureate is best known for his articles 'The Nature of the Firm', that introduces the concept of transaction costs to explain the nature and limits of firms, and 'The Problem of Social Cost', which suggests that well-defined property rights could overcome the problems of externalities?
	Ronald Coase Coase coined the well known, but often misquoted adage "If you torture the data long enough, it will confess."
84.	The name of which Nabisco shortbread biscuit/cookie is also a 1893 English romance novel by R.D. Blackmore?
	Lorna Doone
83.	Which American tycoon and publisher of a magazine was known for his lavish life-style that included a collection of special shape hot air balloons?
	Malcolm Forbes
82.	What is the name of the oil rig that sank and caused the largest offshore oil spill in US history and gave BP a bad rep in 2010?
	Deepwater Horizon
81.	Which dot-com company that had its heyday in the 90s is credited with the development of the Secure Sockets Layer Protocol for secure online communication as well as with JavaScript?
	Netscape Netscape's web browser was once dominant in terms of usage share, but lost most of that share to Internet Explorer during the first browser war. By the end of 2006, the usage share of Netscape browsers had fallen, from over 90% in the mid 1990s, to less than 1%. The name Netscape was a trademark of Cisco Systems, that was granted to the company.
80.	Which controversial company that offers private security services is now known as 'Xe Services' and was founded in 1997 by Erik Prince and Al Clark?
	Blackwater Xe provided security services in Iraq to the United States federal government, particularly the Central Intelligence Agency on a contractual basis. They no longer have a license to operate in Iraq: the new Iraqi government made multiple attempts to expel them from their country, and denied their application for an operating license in January 2009.
79.	Which company/product connected with transportation is associated with the immensely successful 'Think Small' ad campaign?
	Volkswagen According to CNN: These 1960s ads by Doyle Dane Bernbach had the challenge of selling a compact, strange-looking automobile to Americans obsessed with muscle cars, which reflected the country's new superpower status.
78.	Named for a Greek muse and currently given by the Nielsen Company, what are the awards given to reward creative excellence in advertising and design?
	The Clio Awards They are awarded in a number of fields, including: TV, Print, Outdoor, Radio, Integrated Campaign, Innovative Media, Design, Internet, Content & Contact, and Student work.
77.	If you have to name one person associated with the Bangladeshi micro-financing institution 'Grameen Bank', who would it be?
	The Nobel Peace Prize winner Muhammed Yunus The word "Grameen" is derived from the word "gram" and means "rural" or "village" in Bangla language. The system of this bank is based on the idea that the poor have skills that are under-utilized.
76.	Which 20th century industrialist known as the father of modern American shipbuilding is also known for organizing a 'permanente' health care system for his workers and their families?
	Henry J. Kaiser (1882-1967) Among the projects he constructed or helped construct: the Los Angeles Aqueduct; the Oakland-San Francisco Bay Bridge; and the Hoover, Parker, Shasta and Grand Coulee dams. The inexpensive, quick-to-produce "Liberty Ships" built at his shipyards helped win World War II. But perhaps his greatest feat was providing his workers with health care coverage. Kaiser saw his prepaid health coverage plan as a way to temper labor unrest and leave the government out of the process, while bettering humanity.
75.	The town of Bretton Woods in the US was the site of the UN Monetary and Financial Conference in 1944 that led to the establishment of which two seminal world institutions in the subsequent year?
	The World Bank and the International Monetary Fund As a result of the conference, the Bretton Woods system of exchange rate management was set up, which remained in place until the early 1970s.
74.	Once one of the world's largest non-state oil companies, which Russian petroleum giant was declared bankrupt in 2006?
	Yukos
73.	Red Barn, now a historic site in the US, was the original manufacturing site of which company?
	Boeing Built in 1909, it is the oldest airplane-manufacturing facility in the nation and is now part of the Museum of Flight in Seattle.
72.	The name of which company was initially proposed as 'Pequod' but the idea was retracted when someone said "No one's going to drink a cup of Pee-quod!"?
	Starbucks The company is named in part after Starbuck, Captain Ahab's first mate in the novel Moby-Dick, as well as a turn-of-the-century mining camp (Starbo or Storbo) on Mount Rainier. Pequod is the main ship in the novel.
71.	The 19th century American businessman Aaron Montgomery Ward is credited with the invention of what type of business that would have made the postal service happy?
	Mail order business Although his idea was generally considered to border on lunacy and his first inventory was destroyed by the Great Chicago Fire, Ward persevered. In August 1872, with two fellow employees and a total capital of $1,600, he formed Montgomery Ward & Company. He rented a small shipping room on North Clark Street and published the world's first general merchandise mail-order catalog with 163 products listed. Ward's catalog soon was copied by other enterprising merchants, most notably Richard Warren Sears, who mailed his first general catalog in 1896.
70.	Which 400-year-old German dynasty from Essen is known for the industrial production of steel and armaments and has been known as the 'Arsenal of the Reich'?
	The Krupp family
69.	The 0 scale (or 0 gauge) is a scale commonly used for what type of hobby also associated with the company Lionel?
	Toy trains (model railroading) Lionel, LLC is a designer and importer of toy trains and model railroads, based in Chesterfield Township, Michigan. Its roots lie in the 1969 purchase of the Lionel product line by cereal conglomerate General Mills. According to its reorganization papers filed as part of its bankruptcy plan on May 21, 2007, about 95 percent of the company's sales come from O gauge trains. The plan estimated that about $70 million worth of O gauge trains are sold each year, and that Lionel accounts for about 60% of that market, making it the largest manufacturer of O gauge trains.
68.	Which economic theory that was the dominant school of thought throughout the early modern period holds that the prosperity of a nation is dependent upon its supply of capital and that the global volume of international trade is unchangeable?
	Mercantilism Economic assets or capital, are represented by bullion (gold, silver, and trade value) held by the state, which is best increased through a positive balance of trade with other nations (exports minus imports) and assumes wealth and monetary assets are identical. Mercantilism suggests that the ruling government should advance these goals by playing a protectionist role in the economy; by encouraging exports and discouraging imports, notably through the use of tariffs and subsidies.
67.	Which influential author of Economics: An Introductory Analysis, the largest-selling economics textbook of all time is also the first American to win the Nobel Prize for Economics?
	Paul Samuelson Economic historian Randall E. Parker calls him the "Father of Modern Economics", and The New York Times considered him to be the "foremost academic economist of the 20th century."
66.	The name of which automaker derives from the Latin for 'i roll'?
	Volvo
65.	In the world of business, what phrase describes the process of a product becoming non-functional after a certain period or amount of use in a way that is designed by the manufacturer?
	Planned obsolescence Planned obsolescence has potential benefits for a producer because the product fails and the consumer is under pressure to purchase again, whether from the same manufacturer (a replacement part or a newer model), or from a competitor which might also rely on planned obsolescence. Planned obsolescence was first developed in the 1920s and 1930s when mass production had opened every minute aspect of the production process to exacting analysis.
64.	From the Arabic for 'to make known', what is the correct term for a duty imposed on foreign goods?
	Tariff
63.	In the US, Keogh Plans are full-fledged pension plans for small businesses and what other type of people?
	The self-employed Named for U.S. Representative Eugene James Keogh of New York, they are sometimes called HR10 plans. IRS Publication 560 refers to them as “Qualified Plans,” although Keogh Plan is understood by all. They are different from Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs).
62.	In 1984, while filming a commercial for which company did Michael Jackson suffer second degree burns after pyrotechnics set his hair on fire?
	Pepsi Cola Happening in front of a full house of fans during a simulated concert, the incident was the subject of heavy media scrutiny and elicited an outpouring of sympathy. PepsiCo settled a lawsuit out of court, and Jackson gave his $1.5 million settlement to the Brotman Medical Center in Culver City, California, where he had been treated, allowing the hospital to acquire the best available technology for treating severe burns; Brotman subsequently renamed its burn ward "Michael Jackson Burn Center" in his honor.
61.	After a Korean Air Lines flight was shot down after straying into the USSR's prohibited airspace in 1983, President Reagan issued a directive making what technology available for civilian use?
	GPS (Global Positioning System) Developed by the United States Department of Defense, it uses a constellation of between 24 and 32 Medium Earth Orbit satellites that transmit precise microwave signals, which enable GPS receivers to determine their current location, the time, and their velocity. Its official name is NAVSTAR GPS.
60.	George Bailey, the character portrayed by James Stewart in It's a Wonderful Life is loosely based upon which banker who was the founder of Bank of America?
	Amadeo Giannini (1870-1949) Giannini is credited as the inventor of many modern banking practices. Most notably, Giannini was one of the first bankers to offer banking services to middle-class Americans, rather than simply the upper class.
59.	The name of what popular ice cream was named from two made-up words that were meant to look Scandinavian to American eyes?
	Häagen-Dazs It was established by Reuben and Rose Mattus in The Bronx, New York in 1959. The letter combinations 'äa' and 'zs' are impossible in all Scandinavian languages.
58.	What is the name given to the fraudulent operation that involves paying abnormally high returns to investors out of the money paid in by subsequent investors rather than from revenues generated by any business?
	A Ponzi scheme The system is doomed to collapse because there are little or no underlying earnings from the money received by the promoter. The scheme is named after Charles Ponzi, who became notorious for using the technique after emigrating from Italy to the United States in 1903. Ponzi was not the first to invent such a scheme, but his operation took in so much money that it was the first to become known throughout the United States.
57.	Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) is the most important conversion process used in petroleum refineries. What is it used for?
	To convert crude oils to gasoline and other products The FCC process vaporizes and breaks the long-chain molecules of the high-boiling hydrocarbon liquids into much shorter molecules by contacting the feedstock, at high temperature and moderate pressure, with a fluidized powdered catalyst. In effect, refineries use fluid catalytic cracking to correct the imbalance between the market demand for gasoline and the excess of heavy, high boiling range products resulting from the distillation of crude oil.
56.	Developed at DuPont in 1965, what is "...5 times stronger than steel on an equal weight basis..."?
	Kevlar Kevlar has many applications, ranging from bicycle tires and racing sails to body armor because of its high strength-to-weight ratio.
55.	Appropriately, which company's NYSE symbol is 'BID'?
	The auction house Sotheby's Founded in 1744, it is the world's oldest international auction house in continuous operation.
54.	What is the term given to a retail store in which manufacturers sell their stock directly to the public through their own brand?
	An outlet store (or) factory outlet The invention is often credited to Harold Alfond, founder of the Dexter Shoe Company. Traditionally, a factory outlet was a store, attached to a factory or warehouse. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factory_outlet_store)
53.	Which company whose name means 'light from the gods' is the world's largest producer of guided missiles?
	Raytheon
52.	Which legal term describes a brand name that has become synonymous with a particular class of products and whose examples include Scotch Tape, Frisbee, Xerox and Band-Aid?
	Genericized trademark The term is legally significant in that unless a company works sufficiently to prevent such broad use of its trademark, its intellectual property rights in the trademark may be lost. A trademark typically becomes "genericized" when the products or services with which it is associated have acquired substantial market dominance or mind share.
51.	Which system developed in the early 1940s has since become the primary source of audience measurement information in the television industry around the world?
	Nielsen ratings Since television as a business makes money by selling audiences to advertisers, the Nielsen Television Ratings are the single most important element in determining advertising rates, schedules, and program content. Nielsen Television Ratings are gathered by one of two ways; by extensive use of surveys, where viewers of various demographics are asked to keep a written record (called a diary) of the television programming they watch throughout the day and evening, or by the use of Set Meters, which are small devices connected to every television in selected homes.
50.	In 1984, Gillette reportedly offered members of which rock band $1 million each in an unsuccessful attempt to get them to shave their beards for a television commercial?
	Billy Gibbons and Dusty Hill of ZZ Top Gibbons and Hill are always pictured wearing sunglasses (a nod to their 1979 song "Cheap Sunglasses"), similar if not matching clothing, and their trademark chest-length beards. The other member, Frank Beard sports a mustache, but rarely a beard.
49.	Which soft drink created in 1929 by Charles Grigg was originally named 'Bib-Label Lithiated Lemon-Lime Soda' and was launched two weeks before the Wall Street Crash?
	7 Up
48.	What is the largest single-site employer in the US with more than 66,000 employees, a manifold increase from the 5,500 it employed when it opened in 1971?
	The Walt Disney World Resort Today it employs more than 61,000, spending more than $1.1 billion on payroll and $478 million on benefits each year.
47.	In the late 1990s while attending the Northeastern University in Boston, what did Shawn Fanning create when he wanted an easy method of finding music?
	Napster The popularity and repercussions of the first Napster have made it a legendary icon in the computer and entertainment fields. Napster's brand and logo continue to be used by a pay service, having been acquired by Roxio.
46.	Which brand of Volkswagen was named after a wind that blows from the Sahara?
	Scirocco (after Sirocco) It is a sport compact produced by Volkswagen from 1974 through 1992. The model was highly successful, and helped bolster VW's reputation. It will be revived with a third generation in 2008.
45.	The American businessman Orville Redenbacher is most commonly associated with which popular snack item that bears his name?
	Popcorn His brand of popping corn continues to be among the most popular in the United States. 2005 marked the 40th anniversary of Orville Redenbacher's Gourmet Popping Corn, still the #1 selling brand in America.
44.	The children's literature section of the publisher Penguin Books works under what name?
	Puffin Books Since the 1960s it has been the largest publisher of children's books in the UK and much of the English-speaking world.
43.	Located in Northern Ireland, what is the oldest licensed whiskey distillery in the world?
	Old Bushmills Distillery Despite a lack of historical evidence, it is believed that troops of King Henry II enjoyed the taste of Bushmills some 400 years before the distillery became officially licensed in 1608 by King James I. In 1784 the Bushmills Distillery became an officially registered company. From 1740 to 1910 Irish emigrants to the USA spread the word of Bushmills, and it soon became a huge success at international spirit and whiskey competitions.
42.	The American inventor Douglas Engelbart is best known for inventing which ubiquitous 'clicking' device?
	The computer mouse In 1967, Engelbart applied for, and in 1970 he received a patent for the wooden shell with two metal wheels, describing it in the patent application as an "X-Y position indicator for a display system". Engelbart later revealed that it was nicknamed the "mouse" because the tail came out the end. His group also called the on-screen cursor a "bug," but this term was not widely adopted. He never received any royalties for his mouse invention, partly because his patent expired in 1987, before the personal computer revolution made the mouse an indispensable input device, and also because subsequent mice used different mechanisms that did not infringe upon the original patent. During an interview, he says "SRI patented the mouse, but they really had no idea of its value. Some years later I learned that they had licensed it to Apple for something like $40,000."
41.	Which American financier was known as the 'Junk Bond King' in the 1980s era of Wall Street and also served time for insider trading?
	Michael Milken He was highly influential in developing the market for junk bonds during the 1970s and 1980s, which in turn fueled the 1980s boom in corporate raids and hostile corporate takeovers. He has been called both a financial innovator and the epitome of 1980s Wall Street greed.
40.	Headquartered in Sandy Springs, USA, which company is the world's largest package deliverer handling more than 15 million packages a day in over 200 countries?
	United Parcel Service Inc. commonly referred to as UPS UPS is well known for its brown trucks, internally known as package cars (hence the company nickname "The Big Brown Machine").
39.	What is the title of the landmark television commercial that launched the Apple Macintosh in the US in January 1984?
	1984 The commercial aired on January 22, 1984 during a break in the third quarter of Super Bowl XVIII. The ad showed an unnamed heroine (played by Anya Major) wearing red shorts, red running shoes, and a white tank top with a Picasso-style picture of Apple's Macintosh computer, running through an Orwellian world to throw a sledgehammer at a TV image of Big Brother — an implied representation of IBM — played by David Graham. This was followed by an on-screen message and accompanying voice over by actor Edward Grover: "On January 24th, Apple Computer will introduce Macintosh. And you'll see why 1984 won't be like 1984." At the end, the Apple "rainbow bitten apple" logo is shown on a black background.
38.	Which American businessman founded Electronic Data Systems (EDS) in 1962 and later sold the company to General Motors?
	Ross Perot He is best known for seeking the office of President of the United States in 1992 and 1996. With an estimated net worth of around $4.3 billion as of 2006, he is ranked by Forbes as the 57th-richest person in America.
37.	In Business Week's ranking of top global brands of 2007, which Finnish, Japanese and German companies were the only 3 non-American companies in the top 10?
	Nokia(6), Toyota(7) and Mercedes-Benz(10) Coco-Cola, Microsoft and IBM occupied the first 3 positions.
36.	Which company was responsible for the Bhopal disaster in 1984 that is frequently cited as the world's worst industrial disaster?
	Union Carbide On December 3, 1984, a Union Carbide subsidiary pesticide plant released 40 tonnes of methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas, immediately killing nearly 3,000 people and ultimately causing at least 15,000 to 22,000 total deaths.
35.	The name of which company is supposedly derived from the transcandental god of Zoraastrianism?
	Mazda It is also said that Mazda coincides with the anglicized pronunciation of the founder's name, Jujiro Matsuda, who was interested in spirituality, and chose to rename it in honor of both his family and the Zoroastrians. Mazda means "wisdom" in the Avestan language. However, in Japanese, the company has always been pronounced and spelled as "Matsuda" leading many to believe that Mazda is really just a poorly anglicized version of the founder's name.
34.	In the list of the largest exporters by value in the US, which company 'takes-off' to the top position?
	Boeing In 2006 it took 55% of global commercial aircraft orders for the first time since 2000. Boeing also continues to serve as the prime contractor on the International Space Station and has built several of the major components.
33.	In Cuba, what are known as 'Yank tanks'?
	Classic cars After the Cuban Revolution, the USA imposed an embargo on Cuba, making international trade very difficult. As a result, the cars that were present were nurtured. Due to the presence of many rich US citizens in Cuba under Fulgencio Batista, classic cars were the standard and due to constant good care, many remain in good working order.
32.	Which personal device was released in 1979 with the name of the Soundabout in many countries including the US, Freestyle in Sweden and the Stowaway in the UK but is now best known by the name of its Japanese version?
	The Walkman The device was built in 1978 by audio-division engineer Nobutoshi Kihara for Sony co-chairman Akio Morita, who wanted to be able to listen to operas during his frequent trans-Pacific plane trips. Morita hated the name "Walkman" and asked that it be changed, but relented after being told by junior executives that a promotion campaign had already begun using the brand name and that it would be too expensive to change.
31.	Seems like Amazon.com has been around forever. What is the year in which the site made its first sale in the form of Douglas Hofstadter's book Fluid Concepts & Creative Analogies?
	1995
30.	Dean Kamen, the inventor of which self-balancing transportation device said "walking is a remnant of the Dark Ages, an unpleasant time-waster that technology needs to eradicate"?
	The Segway The Segway resembles the motorized, gyroscopically stabilized unicycles in the science fiction short story by Robert A. Heinlein titled The Roads Must Roll.
29.	Harald X Gromson was the king of Denmark in the 10th century and is regarded as having united Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. How is his name popular in the technological world (X in his name)?
	As Bluetooth Bluetooth is an industrial specification for wireless personal area networks (PANs) that provides a way to connect and exchange information between devices.
28.	Which is the all time bestselling car in the world?
	Toyota Corolla In 1997, the Corolla became the bestselling car in the world, with over 30 million sold as of 2007.
27.	In 2006, USA Today listed which advertising icon as no.1 on their list of 'Imaginary Luminaries: the 101 most influential people who never lived'?
	The Marlboro Man The Marlboro Man was first conceived by Leo Burnett in 1954. The ads were originally conceived as a way to popularize filtered cigarettes, which at the time were considered feminine.
26.	In business hierarchy, what is the marzipan layer?
	The group of managers just below the highest level of directors This phrase refers to the fact that in some cakes, a layer of marzipan lies just below the icing.
25.	By repute, where is the largest gold repository in the world? (Hint: Not Fort Knox!)
	The Federal Reserve Bank of New York in Manhattan This cannot be confirmed as Swiss Banks do not report their gold stocks. The FRBNY's stocks are larger even than Fort Knox, and it holds approx 5,000 tonnes of gold bullion ($90 billion worth at 2007 prices). The gold is owned by many foreign nations, central banks and official international organizations. The Federal Reserve Bank does not own the gold but serves as guardian of the precious metal, which it "protects" at no charge as a gesture of good will to other nations.
24.	The American journalist Ida Tarbell is known for her expose of the corrupt practices of which giant company? John D. Rockefeller probably hated her!
	Standard Oil She was known as one of the leading "muckrakers" of the progressive era, work known in modern times as "investigative journalism." She is best-known for her 1904 book The History of the Standard Oil Company, which was listed as No. 5 in a 1999 list by the New York Times of the top 100 works of 20th-century American journalism.
23.	In the 2009 list of cities with Fortune Global 500 companies, which city topped with 51 companies?
	Tokyo Followed by Paris with 27, and Beijing with 26.
22.	Which New York businessman is widely reputed to have been behind baseball's Black Sox Scandal in which the 1919 World Series was fixed?
	Arnold Rothstein His notoriety inspired several fictional characters based on his life, including Meyer Wolfsheim in F. Scott Fitzgerald's novel The Great Gatsby.
21.	Which renowned company based out of California made significant contributions to modern-day computing by inventing laser printing, Ethernet, and the graphical user interface (GUI) paradigm, among other things?
	PARC (Palo Alto Research Center, Inc.), formerly Xerox PARC It was founded in 1970, and incorporated as a separate company (wholly owned by Xerox) in 2002. Xerox has been heavily criticized (particularly by business historians) for failing to properly commercialize and profitably exploit PARC's innovations. The work at PARC in the years since the early 1980s is often overlooked, but major work since then includes ubiquitous computing, aspect-oriented programming, and IPv6.
20.	In the 1970s, 'The Chicago Boys' were a group of 25 economists working under which South American dictator's administration to create a free market economy?
	Augusto Pinochet They were trained at the University of Chicago under Milton Friedman and Arnold Harberger, that's why the name.
19.	In 1914, which company offered the first charge card for consumers, which were precursors to the current day credit cards?
	Western Union These early cards were issued to preferred company customers to offer them an array of special services, including interest-free deferred payments.
18.	What is the largest oil corporation in the world with the largest proven crude oil reserves and production?
	Saudi Aramco, the state-owned national oil company of Saudi Arabia Saudi Aramco also operates the world's largest single hydrocarbon network, the Master Gas System. It was known as just Aramco between the years of 1933-1988, an acronym for Arabian American Oil Company. Among those fields fully owned by the company is the Ghawar Field, the world's largest oil field.
17.	Which principle states that 'in a hierarchy every employee tends to rise to his level of incompetence'?
	The Peter Principle Formulated by Dr. Laurence J. Peter in his 1968 book of the same name, the Peter Principle pertains to the level of competence of the human resources in a hierarchical organization. The principle explains the upward, downward, and lateral movement of personnel within a hierarchically organized system of ranks.
16.	Marshall McLuhan was named as the 'patron saint' of which magazine that had his quote on its masthead for the first ten years of its publication?
	Wired 'Wired' has both been admired and disliked for its strong libertarian principles, its enthusiastic embrace of techno-utopianism, and its sometimes experimental layout with its bold use of fluorescent and metallic inks.
15.	Which iconic personality co-founded the television channel 'Oxygen' in 1998 to carry programming for young women?
	Oprah Winfrey
14.	In economics, what is a 'monopsony' as opposed to monopoly?
	A market form in which only one buyer faces many sellers A single-payer universal health care system, in which the government is the only "buyer" of health care services, is an example of a monopsony.
13.	What 'nuclear' nickname was given to Jack Welch in the 1980s for eliminating employees while leaving the office buildings intact?
	Neutron Jack In reference to the Neutron bomb that kills people but does not destroy buildings.
12.	The design of Nike's Air Jordan basketball shoe was reportedly inspired by which deadly African slithering creature?
	The black mamba
11.	Which fashion designer credited with the turnaround of Gucci also posed with a nude Scarlett Johansson and Keira Knightley on the cover of Vanity fair in 2006?
	Tom Ford Ford was the guest editor for the February 2006 Hollywood edition of Vanity Fair and the cover was originally planned to showcase Keira Knightley, Scarlett Johansson, and Rachel McAdams. But McAdams was replaced with a clothed Ford after refusing to appear nude.
10.	In a 2006 commerical for Genworth Financial, a little boy more than matches the former pro Taylor Dent in a game of tennis. At the end of the ad, the boys parents stop by to pick him up. Can you guess who they are?
	Agassi and Graf!
9.	The most widely accepted explanation for the origin of which symbol is that it is the result of the evolution of the Spanish and Mexican scribal abbreviation for pesos?
	The $ symbol This theory, derived from a study of late eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century manuscripts, explains that the s gradually came to be written over the p developing a close equivalent to the "$" mark.
8.	Frequent travelers should know this. Which company's name comes from a song called "Space Captain" whose actual lyrics contain the words 'Lovely X' but the founder heard 'Lonely X' and decided to name the company thus?
	Lonely Planet Lonely Planet's first books catered to young people from Australia and Europe (mainly the UK) undertaking the overland hippie trail between Australia and Europe, via South-East Asia, the Indian subcontinent and the Middle East. This was becoming something of a rite of passage for young travellers, especially Australians and New Zealanders, who spent many months (or years) on the journey.
7.	The Micronesian island of Nauru houses an offshore detention centre that holds and processes asylum seekers trying to go where?
	Australia Nauru is a phosphate rock island, and its primary economic activity since 1907 has been the export of phosphate mined from the island. With the exhaustion of phosphate reserves, its environment severely degraded by mining, the government of Nauru has resorted to unusual measures to obtain income and has given this service to Australia since 2001.
6.	In Japan, what term is given to a set of companies with interlocking business relationships and shareholdings, akin to a business group?
	Keiretsu There are two types of keiretsu: vertical and horizontal. Vertical keiretsu illustrates the organization and relationships within a company, while a horizontal keiretsu shows relationships between entities, normally centred around a bank and trading company. There are currently 6 major ones and a host of minor ones.
5.	The success of which shoe brand has resulted from the aerobics fitness craze of the 80s?
	Reebok Reebok surged in popularity in 1982 after the introduction of the Freestyle athletic shoe, which was specifically designed for women and came out when the aerobics fitness craze started. Reebok continues to produce the Freestyle to this day as it is popular with cheerleading, aerobic dancing, the gym, and dedicated consumers.
4.	Which online business was named for a word from Gulliver's Travels that meant 'rude, unsophisticated, uncouth'?
	Yahoo! It was founded by Stanford graduate students Jerry Yang and David Filo in January of 1994 and incorporated on March 2, 1995.
3.	How did Google's famous 'page-rank' algorithm get its name?
	From Larry Page, one of the co-founders of Google It is a link analysis algorithm which assigns a numerical weighting to each element of a hyperlinked set of documents, such as the World Wide Web, with the purpose of measuring its relative importance within the set. The PageRank process has been patented and is not assigned to Google but to Stanford University.
2.	Which cartoon character with wispy hair was licensed to Pepsico in the 1980s and was extensively used to market 7 Up?
	Fido Dido
1.	In the world of advertising, who is 'Bibendum'?
	The Michelin Man The symbol was introduced in 1898 by French artist O'Galop (pseudonym of Marius Rossillon), and is one of the world's oldest trademarks. André Michelin apparently commissioned the creation of this jolly, rotund figure after his brother, Édouard, observed that a display of stacked tyres resembled a human form. Today, Bibendum is one of the world's most recognized trademarks, representing Michelin in over 150 countries